![]() ![]() The French continued to develop such “one-piece” masks up to mid-1916, when phosgene and then mustard gas made them largely ineffective. Any sort of exertion was difficult, due to the low O2 passage rate of the mask materials. Rather than having an actual respirator, the wearer breathed through the mask material, which was steeped in sodium thiosulfate (photographer’s developing “hypo”) which neutralized the chlorine. ![]() They were intended to protect against chlorine (the only gas in use at the time) and were made of linen-backed canvas. The one Ian wore looks like an early war French mask. The “Small Box” mask was for the infantry. The British “Large Box” mask was also primarily intended for gas operators. It was mainly used by gas troops, who had to work in MOPP conditions. The French “Tissot” mask had such a one-way outlet valve right between the lenses. I can’t imagine trying to do it in a real firefight where poison gas was being used. Between the total lack of peripheral vision and lens fogging, it was very difficult. It was an enlightening experience to try to engage targets in a period style gas mask. That one ended up being quite satisfying, despite running out of time just before making my final shot. ![]() Not wanting to leave without any rifle shooting at all, I abandoned the gas mask and helmet for the third stage. I opted to just abandon that stage, and it was quite frustrating. Things got worse on the second stage, where I simply could not see the targets at all. Combined with small targets, my shooting in the first (pistol-only) stage was…not very good. The match started out badly, as it was cool enough outside in the morning for the mask to fog up significantly. I paired this with an Adrian helmet, a Lebel rifle, and a Modele 1892 revolver. Specifically, a French M2 pattern, which was used extensively by French, British, and American troops. Today, I thought it would be fun (or at least interesting) to shoot a 2-gun match in a reproduction World War One gas mask and helmet. “Who Made America? | Innovators | Garrett Augustus Morgan.” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service." History of the Army Protective Mask." NBC Defense Systems: Army Soldier and Biological Chemical Command, 1999. Morgan and the Lake Erie Crib Disaster." The Journal of Negro History vol. " Guardian of the Public Safety: Garrett A. ![]() "Garrett Augustus Morgan (1877–1963): He Came to the Rescue With his Gas Mask." They Made America: From the Steam Engine to the Search Engine: Two Centuries of Innovators. Evans, Harold, Gail Buckland, and David Lefer." Overcoming Discrimination by Consumers During the Age of Segregation: The Example of Garrett Morgan." The Business History Review vol. 100 Greatest African Americans: A Biographical Encyclopedia. While still a teenager, he left Kentucky and moved north to Cincinnati, Ohio, in search of opportunities. Garrett was the seventh of 11 children, and his early childhood was spent attending school and working on the family farm with his brothers and sisters. His mother was of Native American, Black, and white descent (her father was a minister named Rev. Garrett Reed), and his father, was half-Black and half-white, the son of the Confederate Colonel John Hunt Morgan, who led Morgan's Raiders in the Civil War. The son of a formerly enslaved man and woman, Garrett Augustus Morgan was born in Claysville, Kentucky, on March 4, 1877. Notable Quote: “If you can be the best, then why not try to be the best?”.Awards and Honors: Recognized at the Emancipation Centennial Celebration in Chicago, Illinois, in August 1963 schools and streets named in his honor included in the 2002 book, "100 Greatest African Americans" by Molefi Kete Asante honorary member of Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.Published Works: The "Cleveland Call," a weekly African American newspaper that he established in 1916, which became the still-published "Cleveland Call and Post" in 1929.Known For: Invention of safety hood (early gas mask) and mechanical traffic signal. ![]()
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